A hybrid mobile app framework. It allows creating cross-platform mobile apps that run like mobile apps using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Cordova is compatible with some JavaScript frameworks.

A framework used for storing and processing huge structured and semi-structured datasets (up to petabytes of data). Thanks to clustering (when several computers are clustered to process data in parallel), processing large amounts of information with Hadoop is fast and easy.

A runtime for JavaScript and TypeScript. It was developed by the same team that developed Node.js as a way to fix its most prominent issues. Deno is more secure, has built-in TypeScript support, offers decentralized module hosting, but it still lacks the community support Node.js has.

A platform that allows developing, testing, shipping, and deploying software faster and more consistently. It allows packaging and running apps in so-called containers. Because Docker helps reduce the time between coding and production, it’s one of the primary tools of DevOps.

A framework for creating multi-platform (web, Android, iOS, macOS, Wear OS) applications from a single codebase. Developed by Google, Flutter is open-source and easy to learn. It allows creating a fully custom UI that’s consistent across all platforms.

The most popular software version control system. Git is used in projects of different sizes (including one-person projects), but it’s most useful for distributed teams that cooperate on a single project. It supports thousands of branches simultaneously and data integrity.

A high-level deep learning library for working with TensorFlow 2. Developed by Google, Keras is a developer-friendly library that makes implementing neural networks painless. It has a Python frontend (not the same as frontend in web, more like a way to interact) and numerous backend options (again, not the same as web backend), allows quick prototyping, and has a large user base.

A container orchestration system (you can control where containers run) that allows scaling, deploying, and managing cloud-native applications automatically. Originally developed by Google, Kubernetes is compatible with Docker, Containerd, and CRI-O.

.NET is a platform mostly used for building and running C# applications. There are several implementations of .NET: 

• .NET Framework — the proprietary Microsoft implementation that runs on Windows.
• .NET Core — the open-source implementation of the .NET Standard. The last version was 3.1, and the further versions were renamed to .NET 5+.
• .NET — (formerly .NET Core) the further development of .NET Core.

A Python library that works with multi-dimensional arrays (containers of data organized in a grid). It has high-level mathematical functions for working with linear algebra and matrices. NumPy is fast and commonly used in other ML libraries, like Pandas.

A Python library for data handling and analysis, often used in data data science and ML projects. It provides data structures and operations that help to manipulate data quickly and work with relational data.

A JavaScript framework for cross-platform application development (web, Android, Android TV, iOS, macOS, tvOS, Windows, Oculus). It allows using the benefits of React.js coupled with the native components of different platforms (as opposed to web components) to create multiple apps from a single codebase.

A framework for machine learning and artificial intelligence used to build and train deep neural networks and ML models. Its large ecosystem of tools and libraries allows creating, deploying, and debugging ML-based apps painlessly. Mostly used with Python.

An ML (deep learning) framework used for computer vision and NLP applications (including autonomous driving). PyTorch can boast dynamic computational graphs, a comprehensive ecosystem of tools and libraries, and speed, helping move the process from prototyping to production faster. It is used with Python.

A hybrid mobile app development framework that allows creating mobile Android, iOS, and Windows apps using a shared .NET and C# codebase. The applications developed with Xamarin have almost native performance, UI, and UX.